Dermatology
What Causes Rosacea?
Last reviewed: May 2026 · Haute MD Editorial Team
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition whose exact cause is not fully understood, but research points to a combination of genetic predisposition, immune system dysregulation, abnormal vascular responses, and overpopulation of Demodex mites on the skin. It is characterized by persistent facial redness, visible blood vessels, flushing, and in some cases inflammatory papules and pustules.
What triggers rosacea flares?
Common triggers include sun exposure, heat, hot beverages, spicy foods, alcohol (especially red wine), stress, exercise, extreme temperatures, certain skincare products, and topical steroids. Triggers vary by individual.
Types of rosacea
Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea: facial redness and visible blood vessels. Papulopustular rosacea: acne-like breakouts with redness. Phymatous rosacea: skin thickening, particularly on the nose (rhinophyma). Ocular rosacea: eye irritation and redness.
How is rosacea treated?
Rosacea is managed rather than cured. Topical medications (metronidazole, azelaic acid, ivermectin) reduce inflammation. Oral antibiotics (doxycycline) control papulopustular rosacea. Laser and IPL treatments reduce redness and visible blood vessels. Trigger avoidance is essential.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is rosacea the same as acne?
No. Rosacea involves facial redness and visible blood vessels without comedones. Acne involves clogged pores and is driven by sebum and bacteria. However, both can cause papules and pustules, which is why they are sometimes confused.
Can rosacea be cured?
There is no cure for rosacea, but it can be effectively managed with a combination of topical and oral treatments, laser therapy, and trigger avoidance. Many patients achieve long-term remission.
What is the best treatment for rosacea redness?
IPL (intense pulsed light) and vascular lasers such as the Vbeam are highly effective for reducing rosacea-related redness and visible blood vessels. Multiple sessions are typically needed.
Does diet affect rosacea?
Yes. Hot beverages, spicy foods, and alcohol — particularly red wine — are common dietary triggers for rosacea flushing. An elimination approach can help identify individual triggers.
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