Cardiology
What Is Heart Disease?
Last reviewed: May 2026 · Haute MD Editorial Team
Heart disease is an umbrella term for conditions affecting the heart's structure and function — most commonly coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis), but also including heart failure, arrhythmias, valvular disease, and congenital heart defects. Cardiovascular disease (heart disease and stroke combined) remains the leading cause of death in the United States.
Key considerations
Heart disease is an umbrella term for conditions affecting the heart's structure and function — most commonly coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis), but also including heart failure, arrhythmias, valvular disease, and congenital heart defects. Cardiovascular disease (heart disease and stroke combined) remains the leading cause of death in the United States.
When to seek physician guidance
A board-certified cardiologist can perform a thorough cardiovascular risk assessment — including advanced lipid testing, blood pressure evaluation, EKG, and imaging when appropriate — and design a personalized prevention or treatment plan based on your individual risk factors, family history, and goals.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is this most relevant for?
Adults with cardiovascular symptoms, multiple risk factors (hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking history), a family history of early heart disease, or anyone seeking comprehensive preventive cardiovascular care. A cardiologist evaluation determines individual risk and appropriate next steps.
Is testing covered by insurance?
Most standard cardiovascular evaluations, EKG, echocardiograms, and indicated stress testing are covered by insurance when medically necessary. Some advanced screening (coronary artery calcium scoring, advanced lipid testing) may be out-of-pocket. Verify benefits with your insurer and the practice in advance.
What is the first step?
Schedule a consultation with a board-certified cardiologist. Expect a detailed history, physical examination, blood pressure measurement, EKG, and a discussion of which blood tests and imaging studies are appropriate based on your specific risk profile.
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