Vision Correction · LASIK
LASIK Eye Surgery: A Complete Guide
How it works
How LASIK Works
LASIK corrects vision by reshaping the cornea so light focuses properly on the retina. The surgeon creates a thin flap in the cornea (with a femtosecond laser in modern 'bladeless' LASIK), folds it back, reshapes the underlying tissue with an excimer laser based on a detailed map of your eye, then repositions the flap, which heals without stitches. The procedure itself takes only minutes per eye.
Candidacy
Who Is a Good Candidate
Good candidates are typically 18 or older with a stable prescription, adequate corneal thickness, healthy eyes (no significant dry eye, keratoconus, or certain conditions), and realistic expectations. A thorough evaluation — including corneal mapping — determines candidacy. Not everyone qualifies, and a good surgeon will say so rather than proceed.
Alternatives
LASIK vs. SMILE vs. PRK
LASIK uses a corneal flap and offers fast recovery. SMILE is a newer flapless technique that removes a small lenticule through a tiny incision, often with less dry eye, but suits a narrower prescription range. PRK removes the corneal surface layer entirely (no flap), with a longer recovery but no flap-related risk — often preferred for thin corneas, military, and contact-sport athletes. The right procedure depends on your eyes, not marketing.
Recovery
Recovery and Results
Most LASIK patients notice dramatically improved vision within a day and return to normal activities quickly, with full stabilization over weeks. Temporary dry eye and night-vision halos are common early and usually resolve. FDA data shows high satisfaction, though no procedure is risk-free.
Risks
Risks and Honest Limits
LASIK is among the most-studied elective procedures, but risks include dry eye, glare or halos, under- or over-correction (sometimes needing an enhancement), and rare flap complications. Vision also continues to change with age — LASIK doesn't prevent later presbyopia (reading-glasses age) or cataracts. A candid surgeon discusses these before surgery.
Cost
What LASIK Costs
Standard LASIK averages around $2,200 per eye, with all-in costs typically $4,000–$6,000 for both eyes; premium technology, SMILE, and fellowship-trained surgeons run higher. Be wary of sub-$1,000/eye advertising — those prices usually apply only to mild prescriptions and exclude fees. See our LASIK cost guide.
Frequently asked
Common questions
How much does LASIK cost?
Standard LASIK averages about $2,200 per eye, or roughly $4,000–$6,000 for both eyes all-in in 2026. SMILE and premium technology cost more. LASIK is elective and not covered by insurance, but HSA/FSA funds can be used.
Is LASIK safe?
LASIK is one of the most-studied elective procedures with high satisfaction rates, but it's not risk-free — possible side effects include dry eye, glare or halos, and rarely flap complications or the need for an enhancement. A thorough evaluation and experienced surgeon reduce risk.
What's the difference between LASIK, SMILE, and PRK?
LASIK uses a corneal flap with fast recovery; SMILE is flapless and may reduce dry eye but fits a narrower range; PRK removes the surface layer with no flap and a longer recovery, often chosen for thin corneas or athletes. Your surgeon recommends based on your eyes.
Does LASIK last forever?
LASIK permanently reshapes the cornea, and results are long-lasting, but it doesn't stop normal age-related changes — most people still develop presbyopia (needing reading glasses) and can develop cataracts later in life.
Who is not a candidate for LASIK?
People with unstable prescriptions, thin or irregular corneas, significant dry eye, keratoconus, or certain eye and health conditions may not qualify. A comprehensive evaluation determines candidacy, and alternatives like PRK or ICL may suit those who aren't LASIK candidates.
References
Sources
- 1.LASIK — patient information and quality-of-life data — U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 2024.
- 2.LASIK and refractive surgery patient resources — American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), 2025.
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