cosmetic-dentistry
What Is Teeth Grinding and How Is It Treated?
Last reviewed: May 2026 · Haute MD Editorial Team
Teeth grinding (bruxism) is the involuntary clenching or grinding of teeth — most commonly during sleep (sleep bruxism) but also during waking hours (awake bruxism). It affects an estimated 8-10% of adults and can cause significant dental damage including worn enamel, chipped or fractured teeth, sensitivity, and failure of dental restorations. It also contributes to jaw pain, headaches, and TMJ disorders. Treatment focuses on protecting teeth with occlusal guards, addressing contributing factors, and in some cases Botox for severe jaw muscle hyperactivity.
Causes and contributing factors
Sleep-related movement disorders. Stress and anxiety are the most commonly cited contributing factors. Sleep apnea. Certain medications (SSRIs, stimulants). Alcohol and caffeine consumption. Genetics (strong familial component).
Signs and symptoms
Worn, flattened, or chipped teeth. Tooth sensitivity (from exposed dentin due to enamel wear). Jaw soreness or pain. Morning headaches. Temporal mandibular joint (TMJ) pain. Cheek biting. Audible grinding sounds during sleep (reported by partners).
Treatment options
Custom occlusal night guard: the gold standard first-line treatment — protects teeth from grinding forces during sleep. Must be custom-fitted (over-the-counter options are inferior). Botox injections into the masseter (jaw) muscles: reduces grinding force by weakening the masseter, providing significant symptom relief. Effects last 4-6 months. Stress management. Sleep study if sleep apnea is suspected.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can bruxism damage veneers and crowns?
Yes. Teeth grinding is the most significant threat to dental restorations. Unmanaged bruxism dramatically shortens the lifespan of veneers, crowns, and bonding. A custom night guard is essential for any patient with dental restorations.
Does Botox for jaw grinding work?
Yes — Botox injected into the masseter muscles is highly effective for reducing grinding force and associated jaw pain, headaches, and muscle hypertrophy. It also slims the lower face in patients with enlarged masseters.
Is teeth grinding covered by insurance?
Custom occlusal night guards are covered by many dental insurance plans when bruxism is documented. Botox for bruxism is typically not covered by dental or medical insurance.
How do I know if I grind my teeth?
Signs include flattened or chipped teeth, morning jaw soreness or headaches, tooth sensitivity, and partners reporting grinding sounds. Your dentist can identify grinding wear patterns during a routine examination.
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